中国地理大发现（增订本）

目 录

CONTENTS

初版前言：中国的“地理大发现”——旨趣与说明/ 1

First Edition Foreword: The “Great Geographic Discovery” of China——the Purpose and

Description

第一篇　地理视野的拓展/ 1

Chapter 1　Expansion of Geographic Vision

“其推论何等渊微”——战国邹衍的大九州说与“赤县神州”/ 3

“How Deep and Considerate Its Inference is”——The Big Nine Continent Theory and

“Chixian Shenzhou” of Zou Yan from the Warring States Period

大汉雄风播四边——两汉边疆和域外地理知识的扩展/ 13

The Power of the Great Han Dynasty Spread to the Neighboring Countries——Expansion of

Knowledge in the Frontier and Outside the Han Dynasty

西行佛国取真经——中土高僧寻经求法与地理发现/ 33

Seeking the True Scriptures of Buddhism in the West——A Chinese Profound Monk Seeking

Buddhism and Geographic Discoveries

漫漫古道西行频——蒙古帝国时代对西域的探索/ 52

The Frequent Journey to the West——Exploration of the Western Regions in the Age of

Mongolian Empire

“鲸舟吼浪泛沧溟”——明初郑和船队的远洋航行/ 66

“Big Boats, Roaring Waves and Wild Ocean”——Ocean Voyage of the Zheng He

Fleet in the Early Ming Dynasty

海上明珠——南海诸岛的发现与管辖/ 84

Pearl of the Sea——Discovery and Jurisdiction of the South China Sea Islands

第二篇　地理认识的深入/ 93

Chapter 2 　In-depth Understanding of Geography

“中国科学史上的里程碑”——沈括《梦溪笔谈》的地理学思想与创见/ 95

“A Milestone in the History of Chinese Science”——The Geographic Thought and

Creative Ideas of Shen Kuo’s Brush Talks from Dream Brook

啸吟山水天地宽——徐霞客与王士性的地理考察活动/ 103

Expressing Emotions and Widen the Knowledge of Vast Landscapes——Geographic

Exploration of Xu Xiake and Wang Shixing

“黄河之水天上来”——历代对河源的探寻/ 123

“The Yellow River’s Water Comes from the Sky”——The History of Exploring the

Yellow River’s Sources

“惟见长江天际流”——历代对江源的探寻/ 137

“The Yangtze River is Seen at the Skyline”——The History of Exploring the Yangtze

River’s Sources

“蓄清刷黄保漕”的插曲——探寻淮源/ 150

The Interlude of “Conserving Water, Clearing Sediment and Protecting the

Canal”——Exploration of the Huai River’s Source

“死亡之海”与“希望之海”——塔克拉玛干沙漠的探险与发现/ 158

“Sea of Death” and “Sea of Hope”——Exploration and Discovery of the Taklimakan Desert

世界屋脊——走进青藏高原/ 174

The Roof of the World——Walk into the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

“地球的第三极”——珠穆朗玛峰探奇/ 192

“The Third Pole of the Earth”——Exploring the Mount Everest

“地球上最后的秘境”——雅鲁藏布大峡谷的惊世发现/ 201

“The Last Mystery on the Earth”——Stunning Discovery of the Yaruzampbo

Grand Canyon

天下奇坑——诸多“天坑”的发现与探险/ 211

The World’s Strange Pit——Discovery and Exploration of “Tiankeng”

第三篇　揭秘地质与地理现象/ 225

Chapter 3　Demystifying Geology and Geographic Phenomenon

鬼斧神工塑大江——揭开史前长江的奥秘/ 227

Delicate Craftsmanship Made the Great River ——Uncover the Mystery of the

Prehistoric Yangtze River

中华油海——李四光地质力学理论与中国东部大油田的相继发现/ 236

China Oil Sea——Li Siguang’s Geomechanical Theory and Successive Discoveries

of Large Oil Fields in Eastern China

风成还是水成——黄土高原成因探秘/ 244

Wind-caused or Water-caused Formation——Exploration of the Genesis of the

Loess Plateau

植物“活化石”——古老孑遗植物水杉等的发现与保护/ 255

Plant “Living Fossil”——Discovery and Protection of Ancient Relict Plants Like

Metasequoia

来自第四纪的地理信息——庐山第四纪冰川遗迹的发现与探索/ 263

Geographic Information from the Quaternary——Discovery and Exploration of

the Quaternary Glaciers in Lushan

荒原上的奇湖——罗布泊之谜揭秘/ 273

The Strange Lake on the Wilderness——Mystery of Lop Nur

沙海旋律——破解“鸣沙”之谜/ 289

Sand Sea Melody——Uncover the Mystery of “Singing Sand”

第四篇　回眸古老的地理世界/ 299

Chapter 4　Reviewing the Ancient Geographic World

寒武纪的圣地——揭开地球生命诞生的惊人秘密/ 301

The Holy Land of the Cambrian——Uncover the Amazing Secret of Life on Earth

沧海几度变桑田——埋藏于黄海深处的地理发现/ 310

The Sea Turned into Land —— Geographic Discovery Buried Deep in the Yellow Sea

封闭的海面——太湖生成之谜/ 320

Closed Sea Surface——The Mystery of Taihu Lake Formation

沧海变明珠——西湖形成的原因/ 330

The Sea Produces Pearl——Reasons for the Formation of the West Lake

“母亲河”的身世——历史时期的黄河与谭其骧的重大发现/ 339

Life of the “Mother River”——History of the Yellow River and the Great Discovery

of Tan Qixiang

见证生命演变的历史——追寻中国珍稀动物历史变迁的足迹/ 350

Witness the History of the Evolution of Life——Follow Footsteps of the Historical

Changes of Rare Animals in China

第五篇　地理发现的未解之谜/ 369

Chapter 5　Unsolved Mystery of Geographic Discovery

谜团丛生的故事——徐福东渡/ 371

A Mysterious Story——A Journey to the East of Xu Fu

天涯何处“耶婆提”——是中国人法显发现了美洲？ / 393

Where is “Ye Po Ti”——Is it the Chinese Fa Xian that Discovered the America?

结语：寻找契丹——世界的“地理大发现”/ 414

Epilogue: Looking for the Qidan——the “Great Geographic Discovery” of the World

增订本后记/ 420

Postscript (Updated Version)