Chapter 1 The Internet Has Arrived
The World Is Changing
Numbers Do Not Tell The Story
Learning About The Internet
Undersranding The Big Picture
Terminology And Technology
Growth And Adaptability
The Impact of The Internet
Organization OfThe Book
A Personal Note
Chapter 2 Getting Staned: Hande-On Experience
Introduction
The Web: Sites And Pages
Web Browsers and Browsing
Using A Browser
Examples of Web Sites And Services
Summary
PART I Introduction To Networking
Chapter a Telephones Everywhere
Introduction
A Communication Service
Selling Communlcatlon
Limited Access
High Cost
The Difficulr Transition
Ubiquitous Access
Relevance To The Internet
Chapter 4 The World Was Once Analog
Introduction
Sound, Vibrations, And Analog Recording
Analog Electronic Devices
Many Electronic Devices Are Analog
The First Analog Communication
Analog Is Simple But Inaccurate
Sending An Analog Signal Across A Wire
Digital Music
The Digital Revolution
Computers Are Digital
Digital Recording
Using Digital To Recreate Analog
Why Digital Music?
Summary
Chapter 5 The Once And Future Digital Network
Introduction
The World Was Once Digital
A Telegraph Is Digital
Morse Code
Letters And Digits In Morse Code
Users Did Not Encounter Morse Code
Virtually Instant Communication
Speed Is Relative
The Telephone Became Digital
Relevance To The Internet
Binary Encoding Of Data On The Internet
Why Use Two Symbols?
Summary
Chapter 6 Basic Communication
Introduction
Communication Using Electricity
Signals On Wires
Information Coding
Modems Allow Two-Way Traffic
A Character Code For Digital Information
Dctecting Errors
Summary
Chapter 7 The Local Area Network Arrives
Introduction
Motivation
Interchangeable Media
A Computer Consists of Circuit Boards
Circuit Boards Plug Into A Computer
Connecting One Computer To Another
LAN Technologies
Connecting A Computer To A LAN
The Iniportance Of LAN Technology
Relationship To The Internet
PART II A Brief History Of The Internet
Chapter 8 Internet: The Early Yeare
Many Independent Networks
The Proliferation of LANs
Facts About LANs
LANs Are Incompatible
Wide Area Technologies Exist
Few WANs, Many LANs
WANs and LANs Are Incompatible
The Desirability Of A Single Network
The Department Of Defense Had Multiple Networks
Connecting Disconnected Machines
The Internet Emerges
The ARPANET Backbone
Intermet Software
The Name Is TCP/IP
The Shock Of An Open System
Open Systems Are Necessary
TCP/IP Documentation Is Online
The Militaty AdoptS TCP/IP
Summary
A Personal Note
Chapter 9 Two Decades Of Inctedible Growth
Introduction
Disseminating The Software
Meanwhile, Back In Computer Science
The Internet Meets UNIX
The U.S. Military Makes A Commionent
The Internet Doubles In Size In One Year
Every Computer Science Department
Graduate Students Volunteer Their Time
The IAB evolves
The IETF
Doubling Again In A Year
The Internet Improves Science
NSF Takes ,4 Leadership Role
Target: AII of Science And Engineering
NSF's Approach
The NSFNET Backbone
The ANS Backbone
Exponential Growth
A Commercial Assessment
The End of Growth
Chapter 10 The Global Internet
Introduction
Early ARPA Networks
Electronic Mail Among Computers
BITNET And FIDONET
Networks In Europe
EBONE: The Internet In Europe
Backbones And Internet Hierarchy
Internet On All Continents
The World Of lnternet after 1998
A Personal Note
Chapter 11 A Global Information Infrastrueture
Introduction
Existing Infrastructure
Communication Inpastructure
The Internet Infrastructure
The Internet Offers Diverse Informatiou Services
TCP/IP Provides Commmlication Facilities
A Personal Note
PART III How The Internet Works
Chapter 12 Paeket Switching
Introduction
Sharing Saves Money
Sharing Introduces Delays
Sharing Wires
Selectable Channels
Sharing By Taking Turns
Packet Switching Avoids Delays
Each Packct Must Be Labeled
Computers Have Addresses
Packets Are Not All The Same Size
Packet Transmission Seems Instantaneous
Sharing Is Automatic
Network Hardware Handles Sharing
Many Devices Can Use Packet Switching
Relevance To The Internet
Summary
Chapter 19 Internet: A Network Of Networks
Introduction
Network Technologies Are Incompatible
Coping With Incompatibility
Two Fundamental Concepts
Using A Computer To Interconnect Networks
Interconnecting Computers Pass Packets
Interconnecting Computers Are Called Routers
Routers Are The Building Blocks of The Internet
Routers Acconunadate Multiple Types Of Networks
Routers Can Interconnect WAVs And LANs
Interconnecting Networks Was Revolutionary
Summary
Chapter 14 ISPs And Network Conneetions
Introduction
Internet Service Providers And Fees
Customer Connections Form The Last Mile
Lased Circuits Are Exprensive
Most Individuals Choose Dial-up Access
The Important Concept of Continuous Connectivity
Instantaneous Access Changes Use
Newer Technologies Offer Inexpensive Dedicated Access
Wireless Can Reach Everyone
A Personal Note
Chapter 15 IP: Software To Create A Virtual Network
Introduction
Protocol: An Agreement For Communication
Basic Functionality: The Internet Protocol
IP Software On Every Machine
Internet Packets Are Called Datagrams
The Illusion Of A Giant Network
The Reality Of lnternal Structure
Datagrams Travel In Packets
Every Computer Is Assigned A Unique Address
Internet Addresses
An Odd IP Address Syntax
IP Addresses Are Not Random
An Example Trip Through The Internet
Summary
Chapter 16 TCP: Software Fer Rellable Communicatien
Introduction
A Packet Switching System Can Be Overrun
TCP Helps IP Guarantee Delivery
TCP Provides A Connection Between Computer Programs
The Magic Of Recovering Last Datagrams
TCP Retransmission Is Automatic
TCP And IP Work Together
Summary
Chapter 17 Clients + Servere = Distributed Computing
Introduction
Large Computers Use Networks For Input And Output
Small Computers Use Networks To Interact
Distributed Computing On The Internet
A Single Paradigm Explains AIl Distributed Computing
Progrants Are Clients Or Servers
A Server Must Always Run
Summary
Chapter 18 Names For Computers
Introduction
People Prefer Names To Numbers
Naming A Computer Can Be Difficult Or Fun
Computer Names Must Be Unique
Suffixes On Compufer Names
Names With Many Parts
Domain Names Outside The US
Translating A Name To An Equivalent IP Address
Domain Name System Works Like Directory Assistance
Computer Name Lookup Is Automatic
IP Addresses And Domain Names Are Unrelated
Summary
Chapter 19 Why The Internet Worke Well
Introduction
The Internet Work Well
IP Provides Flexibility
TCP Provides Reliability
TCP/IP Software Was Engineered For Efficiency
TCP/IP Research Emphasized Practical Results
The Formula For Success
Summary
PART IV Services Available On The Internet
Chapter 20 Electronie Mail
Introduction
Description Of Functionality
The Best Of All Worlds
Each User Has A Mailbox For E-mail
Sending An E-mail Message
Notification That E-mail has Arrived
Reading An E-mail Message
E-mail Messages Look Like Interoffice Memos
E-mail Software Fills In Header Information
How E-mail Works
Using E-mail From A Personal Computer
Mailbox Address Format
Abbreviations Make E-mail Friendly
Aliases Permit Arbitrary Abbreviations
Aliases Shared By All Users Of A Computer System
Sending To Multiple Recipients
Mailing List: An Alias for Multiple Recipients
Public Mailing Lists And Mail Exploders
E-mail To And From Non-Internet Sites
Access To Services Via E-mail
Speed, Reliability, And Expectations
Impact And Significance OIP Electronic Mail
Joining A Mailing List
Chapter 21 Bulletin Board Serviee (Network News)
Introduction
Description of Functionalify
Many Bulletin Boards With Diverse Topics
Network News
Newsgroup Names
Obtaining Network News And The Software To Read Articles
How Network News Appears To A User
Checking For News Articles
Article Expiration
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