密码学与编码理论（第三版 英文版）

Contents
目??录
Chapter 1?Overview of Cryptography and Its Applications?密码学及其应用概述
1．1?Secure Communications?安全通信
1．1．1　Possible Attacks?四种主要的攻击
1．1．2　Symmetric and Public Key Algorithms?对称和公钥算法
1．1．3　Key Length?密钥长度
1．2?Cryptographic Applications?密码学应用
Chapter 2?Classical Cryptosystems?传统密码系统
2．1?Shift Ciphers?移位密码
2．2?Affine Ciphers?仿射密码
2．3?The Vigenère Cipher?维吉内尔密码
2．3．1　Finding the Key Length?算出密钥长度
2．3．2　Finding the Key： First Method?算出密钥的第一种方法
2．3．3　Finding the Key： Second Method?算出密钥的第二种方法
2．4?Substitution Ciphers?替换密码
2．5?Sherlock Holmes?夏洛克??福尔摩斯
2．6?The Playfair and ADFGX Ciphers?Playfair和ADFGX密码
2．7?Enigma?Enigma密码机
2．8?Exercises?习题
2．9?Computer Problems?上机练习
Chapter 3?Basic Number Theory?数论简介
3．1?Basic Notions?基本概念
3．1．1　Divisibility?整除性
3．1．2　Prime Numbers?素数
3．1．3　Greatest Common Divisor?最大公因子
3．2?The Extended Euclidean Algorithm?扩展的欧几里得算法
3．3?Congruences?同余式
3．3．1　Division?除法
3．3．2　Working with Fractions?使用分式
3．4?The Chinese Remainder Theorem?中国余数定理
3．5?Modular Exponentiation?模指数
3．6?Fermat’s Theorem and Euler’s Theorem?费马小定理和欧拉定理
3．6．1?Three-Pass Protocol?三轮协议
3．7?Primitive Roots?原根
3．8?Inverting Matrices Mod n?模n求逆矩阵
3．9?Square Roots Mod n?模n平方根
3．10?Legendre and Jacobi Symbols?勒让德和雅可比符号
3．11?Finite Fields?有限域
3．11．1　Division?除法
3．11．2　GF(28)
3．11．3　LFSR Sequences?线性反馈移位寄存器序列
3．12?Continued Fractions?连分数
3．13?Exercises?习题
3．14?Computer Problems?上机练习
Chapter 4?The One-Time Pad?一次一密
4．1?Binary Numbers and ASCII?二进制数和ASCII码
4．2?One-Time Pads?一次一密
4．3?Multiple Use of a One-Time Pad?一次一密的多次使用
4．4?Perfect Secrecy of the One-Time Pad?一次一密的完全保密
4．5?Indistinguishability and Security?不可区分性和安全性
4．6?Exercises?习题
Chapter 5?Stream Ciphers?流密码
5．1?Pseudorandom Bit Generation?伪随机比特生成器
5．2?Linear Feedback Shift Register Sequences?线性反馈移位寄存器序列
5．3?RC4
5．4?Exercises?习题
5．5?Computer Problems?上机练习
Chapter 6?Block Ciphers?分组密码
6．1?Block Ciphers?分组密码简介
6．2?Hill Ciphers?希尔密码
6．3?Modes of Operation?工作模式
6．3．1　Electronic Codebook (ECB)?电子密码本（ECB）
6．3．2　Cipher Block Chaining (CBC)?密码分组链接（CBC）
6．3．3　Cipher Feedback (CFB)?密码反馈（CFB）
6．3．4　Output Feedback (OFB)?输出反馈（OFB）
6．3．5　Counter (CTR)?计数器（CTR）
6．4?Multiple Encryption?多重加密
6．5?Meet-in-the-Middle Attacks?中间相遇攻击
6．6?Exercises?习题
6．7?Computer Problems?上机练习
Chapter 7?The Data Encryption Standard?数据加密标准（DES）
7．1?Introduction?简介
7．2?A Simplied DES-Type Algorithm?DES算法的简化版
7．3?Differential Cryptanalysis?差分密码分析
7．3．1　Differential Cryptanalysis for Three Rounds?三轮差分密码分析
7．3．2　Differential Cryptanalysis for Four Rounds?四轮差分密码分析
7．4?DES?DES算法
7．4．1?DES Is Not a Group?DES算法不是代数群
7．5?Breaking DES?破解DES
7．6?Password Security?口令安全
7．7?Exercises?习题
7．8?Computer Problems?上机练习
Chapter 8?The Advanced Encryption Standard： Rijndael 高级加密标准：Rijndael
8．1?The Basic Algorithm?算法简介
8．2?The Layers?层的描述
8．2．1　The SubBytes Transformation?SubByte变换
8．2．2　The ShiftRows Transformation?ShiftRow变换
8．2．3　The MixColumns Transformation?MixColumn变换
8．2．4　The RoundKey Addition?RoundKey加法
8．2．5　The Key Schedule?密钥扩展方案
8．2．6　The Construction of the S-Box?S盒的结构
8．3?Decryption?解密算法
8．4?Design Considerations?设计中的考虑
8．5?Exercises?习题
Chapter 9?The RSA Algorithm?RSA算法
9．1?The RSA Algorithm?RSA算法简介
9．2?Attacks on RSA?RSA算法的攻击
9．2．1　Low Exponent Attacks?低指数攻击
9．2．2　Short Plaintext?短明文
9．2．3　Timing Attacks?时间攻击
9．3?Primality Testing?素性检测
9．4?Factoring?因子分解
9．4．1　x2≡y2
9．4．2　Using ar≡1? ar≡1的应用
9．5?The RSA Challenge?RSA挑战
9．6?An Application to Treaty Verification?协约验证的应用
9．7?The Public Key Concept?公钥密码系统概念
9．8?Exercises?习题
9．9?Computer Problems?上机练习
Chapter 10?Discrete Logarithms?离散对数
10．1?Discrete Logarithms?离散对数简介
10．2?Computing Discrete Logs?离散对数的计算
10．2．1　The Pohlig-Hellman Algorithm?Pohlig-Hellman算法
10．2．2　Baby Step， Giant Step?小步-大步法
10．2．3　The Index Calculus?指数计算法
10．2．4　Computing Discrete Logs Mod 4?模4离散对数的计算
10．3?Bit Commitment?比特承诺
10．4?Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange?Diffie-Hellman 密钥协商协议
10．5?The ElGamal Public Key Cryptosystem?ElGamal公钥密码系统
10．5．1　Security of ElGamal Ciphertexts?ElGamal密文的安全性
10．6?Exercises?习题
10．7?Computer Problems?上机练习
Chapter 11?Hash Functions?散列函数
11．1?Hash Functions?散列函数简介
11．2?Simple Hash Examples?简单散列示例
11．3?The Merkle-Damg?rd Construction?Merkle-Damg?rd结构
11．4?SHA-2
11．5?SHA-3/Keccak?SHA-3/Keccak算法
11．6?Exercises?习题
Chapter 12?Hash Functions： Attacks and Applications 散列函数：攻击与应用
12．1?Birthday Attacks?生日攻击
12．1．1　A Birthday Attack on Discrete Logarithms?离散对数的生日攻击
12．2?Multicollisions?多元碰撞
12．3?The Random Oracle Model?随机预言模型
12．4?Using Hash Functions to Encrypt?用散列函数加密
12．5?Message Authentication Codes?消息认证码
12．5．1　HMAC
12．5．2　CBC-MAC
12．6?Password Protocols?口令协议
12．6．1　The Secure Remote Password Protocol?安全远程口令协议
12．6．2　Lamport’s Protocol?Lamport协议
12．7?Blockchains?区块链
12．8?Exercises?习题
12．9?Computer Problems?上机练习
Chapter 13?Digital Signatures?数字签名
13．1?RSA Signatures?RSA签名方案
13．2?The ElGamal Signature Scheme?ElGamal签名方案
13．3?Hashing and Signing?散列与签名
13．4?Birthday Attacks on Signatures?签名的生日攻击
13．5?The Digital Signature Algorithm?数字签名算法（DSA）
13．6?Exercises?习题
13．7?Computer Problems?上机练习
Chapter 14?What Can Go Wrong?会出什么问题
14．1?An Enigma“Feature”?Enigma密码机的“特征”
14．2?Choosing Primes for RSA?RSA算法中的素数选取
14．3?WEP
14．3．1　CRC-32
14．4?Exercises?习题
Chapter 15?Security Protocols?安全协议
15．1?Intruders-in-the-Middle and Impostors?中间入侵者和冒名顶替者
15．1．1　Intruder-in-the-Middle Attacks?中间人攻击
15．2?Key Distribution?密钥分配
15．2．1　Key Pre-distribution?密钥预分配
15．2．2　Authenticated Key Distribution?认证的密钥分配
15．3?Kerberos?Kerberos协议
15．4?Public Key Infrastructures (PKI)?公钥基础设施（PKI）
15．5?X．509 Certificates?X．509证书
15．6?Pretty Good Privacy?PGP协议
15．7?SSL and TLS?SSL协议和TLS协议
15．8?Secure Electronic Transaction?SET协议
15．9?Exercises?习题
Chapter 16?Digital Cash?数字现金
16．1?Setting the Stage for Digital Economies?为数字经济创造条件
16．2?A Digital Cash System?数字现金系统
16．2．1　Participants?参与者
16．2．2　Initialization?初始化
16．2．3　The Bank?银行
16．2．4　The Spender?消费者
16．2．5　The Merchant?商家
16．2．6　Creating a Coin?创建硬币
16．2．7　Spending the Coin?消费硬币
16．2．8　The Merchant Deposits the Coin in the Bank?商家将硬币存入银行
16．2．9　Fraud Control?欺诈控制
16．2．10?Anonymity?匿名性
16．3?Bitcoin Overview?比特币简介
16．3．1　Some More Details?更多细节
16．4?Cryptocurrencies?密码货币
16．5?Exercises?习题
Chapter 17?Secret Sharing Schemes?秘密共享方案
17．1?Secret Splitting?秘密分拆
17．2?Threshold Schemes?门限方案
17．3?Exercises?习题
17．4?Computer Problems?上机练习
Chapter 18?Games?游戏
18．1?Flipping Coins over the Telephone?电话掷硬币
18．2?Poker over the Telephone?电话玩牌
18．2．1　How to Cheat?如何欺骗
18．3?Exercises?习题
Chapter 19?Zero-Knowledge Techniques?零知识技术
19．1?The Basic Setup?简介
19．2?The Feige-Fiat-Shamir Identification Scheme Feige-Fiat-Shamir身份识别方案
19．3?Exercises?习题
Chapter 20?Information Theory?信息论
20．1?Probability Review?概率论简介
20．2?Entropy?熵
20．3?Huffman Codes?霍夫曼编码
20．4?Perfect Secrecy?完全保密
20．5?The Entropy of English?英文中的熵
20．5．1　Unicity Distance?唯一性距离
20．6?Exercises?习题
Chapter 21?Elliptic Curves?椭圆曲线
21．1?The Addition Law?加法法则
21．2?Elliptic Curves Mod p?模p椭圆曲线
21．2．1　Number of Points Mod p?模p点的数目
21．2．2　Discrete Logarithms on Elliptic Curves?椭圆曲线上的离散对数
21．2．3　Representing Plaintext?明文表示
21．3?Factoring with Elliptic Curves?椭圆曲线因子分解
21．3．1　Singular Curves?奇异曲线
21．4?Elliptic Curves in Characteristic 2?特征值为2的椭圆曲线
21．5?Elliptic Curve Cryptosystems?椭圆曲线密码系统
21．5．1　An Elliptic Curve ElGamal Cryptosystem?椭圆曲线ElGamal加密方案
21．5．2　Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange 椭圆曲线Diffie-Hellman密钥协商协议
21．5．3　ElGamal Digital Signatures?椭圆曲线ElGamal签名方案
21．6?Exercises?习题
21．7?Computer Problems?上机练习
Chapter 22?Pairing-Based Cryptography?基于对的密码系统
22．1?Bilinear Pairings?双线性对
22．2?The MOV Attack?MOV攻击
22．3?Tripartite Diffie-Hellman?三方Diffie-Hellman密钥协商协议
22．4?Identity-Based Encryption?基于身份的加密
22．5?Signatures?签名
22．5．1　BLS Signatures?BLS签名
22．5．2　A Variation?BLS签名的变形
22．5．3　Identity-Based Signatures?基于身份的签名
22．6?Keyword Search?关键词搜索
22．7?Exercises?习题
Chapter 23?Lattice Methods?格方法
23．1?Lattices?格
23．2?Lattice Reduction?格归约
23．2．1　Two-Dimensional Lattices?二维格
23．2．2　The LLL algorithm?LLL算法
23．3?An Attack on RSA?RSA中的攻击
23．4?NTRU
23．4．1　An Attack on NTRU?NTRU中的攻击
23．5?Another Lattice-Based Cryptosystem?另一个基于格的密码系统
23．6?Post-Quantum Cryptography??抗量子密码学
23．7?Exercises?习题
Chapter 24?Error Correcting Codes?纠错码
24．1?Introduction?简介
24．2?Error Correcting Codes?纠错码
24．3?Bounds on General Codes?一般码的限
24．3．1　Upper Bounds?上界
24．3．2　Lower Bounds?下界
24．4?Linear Codes?线性码
24．4．1　Dual Codes?对偶码
24．5?Hamming Codes?汉明码
24．6?Golay Codes?戈莱码
24．6．1　Decoding G24?G24译码
24．7?Cyclic Codes?循环码
24．8?BCH Codes?BCH码
24．8．1　Decoding BCH Codes?BCH译码
24．9?Reed-Solomon Codes?里德-所罗门码
24．10?The McEliece Cryptosystem?McEliece密码系统
24．11?Other Topics?其他问题
24．12?Exercises?习题
24．13?Computer Problems?上机练习
Chapter 25?Quantum Techniques in Cryptography?密码学中的量子技术
25．1?A Quantum Experiment?量子实验
25．2?Quantum Key Distribution?量子密钥分配
25．3?Shor’s Algorithm?Shor算法
25．3．1　Factoring?因子分解
25．3．2　The Discrete Fourier Transform?离散傅里叶变换
25．3．3　Shor’s Algorithm?Shor算法
25．3．4　Final Words?小结
25．4?Exercises?习题
Appendix A?Mathematica Examples?Mathematica实例
Appendix B?Maple Examples?Maple 实例
Appendix C?MATLAB Examples?MATLAB实例
Appendix D?Sage Examples?Sage实例
Appendix E?Answers and Hints for Selected Odd-Numbered Exercises
奇数编号习题的答案与提示
Appendix F?Suggestions for Further Reading?推荐阅读
Bibliography?参考文献