科学补碘：持续消除碘缺乏病

一、党和国家领导人高度重视及关心地方病防治工作...............001
二、碘是人体必需的微量元素......................................................................003
三、甲状腺功能......................................................................................................004
四、甲状腺激素功能...........................................................................................005
1.促进生长发育..................................................................................................005
2.参与脑发育........................................................................................................006
3.调节新陈代谢..................................................................................................007
4.对其他器官、系统功能的影响............................................................007
五、碘在人体中的代谢......................................................................................008
六、碘缺乏的原因.................................................................................................010
七、碘缺乏的危害..................................................................................................012
八、碘过量的原因..................................................................................................016
九、碘过量的危害..................................................................................................017
十、碘的参考摄入量与评价标准.................................................................019
1. 碘的参考摄入量.............................................................................................019
2. 膳食碘摄入量的评价标准.......................................................................022
十一、碘营养状况评价指标...........................................................................024
1.尿碘中位数...................................................................................................024
2.甲状腺肿大率..............................................................................................026
3.新生儿 TSH 筛查异常率....................................................................027
4.甲状腺容积...................................................................................................027
5.血清碘..............................................................................................................029
十二、碘缺乏和适碘地区的划定................................................................030
1.碘缺乏地区的划定...................................................................................030
2.适碘地区的划定........................................................................................031
十三、湖北省及各市州水碘分布地图......................................................033
十四、碘缺乏病消除标准.................................................................................043
十五、碘的补充方法...........................................................................................047
1.加碘食盐........................................................................................................047
2.碘的食物来源..............................................................................................048
3.其他补碘制剂..............................................................................................049
十六、一般人群补碘...........................................................................................050
十七、特需人群补碘............................................................................................051
1.妊娠期妇女...................................................................................................051
2.哺乳期妇女...................................................................................................052
3.婴幼儿（出生后至36月龄内）....................................................053
4.儿童和青少年.............................................................................................053
十八、甲状腺疾病患者补碘...........................................................................054
1.甲状腺功能亢进症...................................................................................054
2.甲状腺功能减退症...................................................................................054
3.自身免疫甲状腺炎...................................................................................055
4.甲状腺结节...................................................................................................056
5.妊娠期甲状腺疾病...................................................................................056
十九、补碘的最佳方法是什么.......................................................................058
二十、购买、食用碘盐应注意哪些问题.................................................059
二十一、碘酸钾作为食盐碘强化剂安全吗..........................................060
二十二、长期食用碘盐会发生甲状腺结节吗......................................062
二十三、食盐加碘与甲状腺癌高发是否有关联................................064
二十四、“防治碘缺乏病日”历年宣传主题海报...........................065
二十五、食盐加碘消除碘缺乏危害管理条例......................................071
二十六、《健康中国行动》中与地方病相关的重大行动...........079
1.地方病防控行动................................................................................080
2.健康知识普及行动...........................................................................081
二十七、《国民营养计划（2017—2030年）》对碘营养的
要求..........................................................................................................082
附录.各类食物的碘含量..................................................................................085
英文缩略词表.............................................................................................................095