商挺 Shang Ting

商挺（1209—1288），字孟卿，也作梦卿，自号左山老人，曹州济阴（今山东菏泽）人。由金入元后，他的官阶上升，晚年因病免官。他是文人，擅长书法，尤工隶书，也喜欢写词作曲，诗、词、曲等作品有千余篇，与元好问等人是朋友。可惜他的作品今多不存，曲作只留下19首。

Shang Ting（1209-1288），who later gave himself the name Mengqing and still later styled himself Old Man at Zuoshan，was born at Jiyin，Caozhou（now Heze，Shandong Province）．When the Yuan Dynasty substituted for Jin，he was promoted steadily at the court．A renowned man of letters，he was good at Chinese calligraphy and was a prolific poet，to whom about 1，000 verses are ascribed，of which only 19 survive，though.

潘妃曲

○商挺

带月披星^①担惊怕，久立纱窗下。等候他。蓦^②听得门外地皮儿踏，则道是冤家^③，原来风动荼縻架^④。

【注释】

1 带月披星：即“戴月披星”，意思是头顶着月亮，身披着星光，也就是在明月当头、星光明亮的夜晚长时间行走或站立于户外。

2 蓦（mò）：突然间，一瞬间，毫无思想准备地。

3 冤家：本义为对头、仇人，但这里是对情人的昵称，表达了离不开、舍不下，又因他生出无穷气恼而爱恨交加的复杂情感。

4 荼縻（túmí）：植物名，即荼縻，也作“酴醾”，初夏开花，花白色，如酴醾酒，故名。荼縻架：为荼縻花搭的架子，类似藤萝架。

TUNE：SONG OF PRINCESS PAN

Shivering with fright

In moonlight and starlight，

I stand long by the window dim，

Waiting for him.

Suddenly outdoor footsteps I seem to hear：

O it must be my dear.

But how again I shiver

To find in the wind only the trellis quiver.

【赏析】

这首曲十分短小，写一个女子等待与情人约会时的心态和举动。她与情人约好在夜晚相见。为了与情人相会，她早早来到约会地点，不顾夜凉天黑，久久站立在户外的纱窗下。她一边看着天上的月亮和星星，一边焦急地盼望心上人的到来。但在封建社会，未婚女子私下里与自己心爱的男子相见是有悖伦理纲常的。所以她很怕被别人看见，心中惊恐万分。她环顾四周，担惊受怕，藏藏躲躲，又望眼欲穿，就这样等啊，等啊。忽然，她听到一阵声响，好像是人的脚步声。她激动地以为一定是自己的情人来了。可是一阵风过后，什么动静也没有。原来刚才是风儿吹动荼縻花架发出的声音。一场欢喜就这样又一次落了空。小曲就此结束了。

这首曲写出了年轻女子与情人幽会时又惊又怕、又急又盼的复杂心情，写得十分传神，典型地体现了元曲所独有的直率、活泼、生动的创作风格。特别是最末一句更为精彩，把风吹花架子的声音听成是情人的脚步声，这与王实甫《西厢记》中的“待月西厢下，迎风户半开；隔墙花影动，疑是玉人来”一诗有异曲同工之妙。

Interpretation

Extremely short，the verse depicts how a woman is missing her lover and how she handles herself for that．Their appointment would be at the evening．Ahead of the arranged moment she arrived，and has ever since been standing near the window，looking into the sky at the moon and stars，scared at the thought that her lover would not come at all and that she be found，for it is a case of immorality for a woman，even unmarried，to secretly meet a man in feudal times．Frightened and properly hiding herself，she held on．Suddenly she heard something，the footsteps of someone，seemingly．Is it her man？No，it is not; it is the shivering of vines over a wooden framework in the garden，to her thorough disappointment.