List of illustrations
Acknowledgements
Note on spelling
Preface
Part one practical language teaching to 1800
1 the early years
2 'Refugiate in a strange country': the refugeelanguage teachers in elizabethan london
3 towards 'the great and common world'
4 guy miege and the second huguenot exile
5 the spread of english language teaching in europe
part two on 'fixing' the language
6 introduction
7 two proposals for orthographical reform in thesixteenth century:
the work of john hart, chester herald
richard mulcaster's elementarie
8 early pedagogical grammars of english for foreignlearners:
ben jonson's english grammar
john wallis's grammatica linguae anglicanae
9 'things, words, and notions'
10 thelanguage'fixed':
latin schools and english schools
swift's proposal for a british academy
towards standard english
part three language teaching in the nineteenthcentury
overview
11 the grammar-translation method:
introduction
the grammar-translation method and theschools: some anglo-german contrasts
the grammar-translation method and adultlanguage teaching: the 'practical approach' of
ahn and ollendorff
12 individual reformers:
overview
'all is in all': jean joseph jacotot
the rational method of claude marcel
thomas prendergast's 'mastery system'
francois gouin and the 'series'
13 the reform movement:
introduction
the principles of reform
the klinghardt experiment
the role of phonetics
the work of henry sweet: an applied linguisticapproach
14 natural methods of language teaching frommontaigne to berlitz
part four the making of a profession
section 1 overview of english language teachingsince 1900
15 the teaching of english as a foreign or secondlanguage since 1900: a survey:
laying the foundations (1900-1922)
research and development (1922-1939)
consolidation (1945-1960)
change and variation since 1960
section 2 essays in the history of english
language teaching since 1900
16 harold e. palmer:
palmer's life and work
palmer's methodology
17 choosing the right words:
michael west and the new method
the basic issue
carnegie and after
18 old patterns and new directions:
a. s. hornby and the post-war consensus
the impact of applied linguistics
the notion of communication
epilogue:
on rational and natural approaches to
language teaching
a chronology of english language teaching
biographical notes
appendix:
language teaching must start afresh !' a translation ofwilhelm vietor's der sprachunterricht mussumkehren!
bibliography
index
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