需求分析（影印版）

Foreword
Preface
Introduction
CHAPTER 1 A Framewrok for Architecture
The Zachman Framework
The Rows
The Columns
The Architecture Framework
The Analysis Proces
Implications
CHAPTER 2 Managing Projects
Introduction
Summary of Development Phases
About Strategy
Articulation
Definition
About Requirements Analysis
Process One:Define Scope
Process Two:Plan the Process
Process Three:Gather Information
Step1:Conduct Briefing
Step2A:Conduct Interviews
Step2B:Joint Application Deveopment(JAD)and Feedback Sessions
Step3:Obtain Industry Information and Paterns
Step4:Examine Current Systems
Step5:The Deliverable
Process Four:Describe the Enterprise
Step1:Define Data Models(See Chapter 3)
Step2:Define Activity Models(See Chapter 4)
Step3:Define Location Models(See Chapter6)
Step4:Define People and Organization Models(See Chapter 5)
Step5:Define Event and Timing Models(See Chapter 7)
Step6:Define Motivation Models(See Chapter 8)
Step7:Present Models
Step8:Deliverables:Model Descriptions
Process Five:Define What Is Required of a New System
Step1:Restate Project Purpose
Step2:Identify Key Players
Step3:Identify Required Capabilities
Step4:Identify Requirement Constraints
Step5:Identify Non-functional Requirements
Step6:Determine Level of Technology
Step7:Identify Capacity Requirements
Step8:Decide Whether to Make or Buy
Step9:Deliverable:Requirements Statement
Process Six:Determine the Existing Systems Environment
Step1:Define Operating Environment
Step2:Identify Software Environment
Step3:Define Technological Architecture
Step4:Define Operational Procedures
Step5:Identify Existing Capacity
Step6:Deliverable:System Inventory
Process Seven:Plan for Transition
Step1:Begin Reorganization
Step2:Begin Education
Step3:Prepare for Training
Step4:Prepare for Data Conversion
Step5:Prepare for Implementation of Hardware and Software
Step6:Deliverable:Transition Plan
Summary
CHAPTER 3 Column One:Data
Views of Data
A Brief History of Data Architecture
The"Application Approach"to Systems
What Went Wrong?
1.Input's Connections to Output
2.Overlapping Applications
3.Encoding Business in the Programs
The Solution-Version1
Data Management
The Solution-Version2
Advanced Data Management-Meta-data
Graphics-Data Modeling
A Short History
Entity/Relational Modeling
Object Modeling
Object-Role Modeling(ORM)
How to Draw a Data Model
Using Entity/Relationship and Object Models
Business Owners' Views(Row Two)
Architect's View(Row Three)
Designer's View(Row Four)
Normalization
Before Normal Forms
First Normal Form
Second Normal Form
Third  Normal Form
Boyce/Codd Normal Form
Fourth Normal Form
Fifth Normal Form
Data Modeling and Normalization
Object-Oriented Design
Referential Integrity
Data Modeling Conventions
Syntactic-Symbols
Positional-The Crow's Foot Rule
Semantic-Data Model Patterns
Entity/Relationship Model Validation
The Requirements Analysis Deliverable-Column One
Entity Types and Relationships,with Narrative
Attributes
Domains
Referential Integrity
Data and the Other Columns
Data and Activities
Data and Locations
Data,People,and Organizations
Data and Timing
Data and Business Rules
Conclusion
CHAPTER 4 Column Two:Activities
From the Business Owners'View to the Architect's View
Approach
Function Hierarchies
Dependency Diagrams
Data Flow Diagrams
"Exploding"Processes
Context Diagram
Physical Data Flow Diagrams
Logical("Essential")Data Flow Diagrams
IDEF0
Syntax
Rules
The UML Activity Diagram
Interaction Diagrams
Use Cases
A Word About Business Process Re-engineering
Business Process Diagrams
Detailed Function and Process Documentation
Structured Natural Language
Action Diagrams
Decision Trees and Decision Tables
Other Hierarchical Techniques
Implications of Analyzing Activities
Implications for Relational Design
Implications for Object-Oriented Design
The Requirements Analysis Deliverable-Column Two
A Comparison of the Techniques
Activities and the Other Columns
Activities and Data
Activities and Locations
Activities and People
Activities and Timing(Events)
Activities and Motivation
CHAPTER 5 Column Four:People and Organizations
How to Organize the Enterprise(Row One)
Row Two:The Business Owner's View
Times Change
A Very Short History of the World
Human Capital
Structural Capital
Customer Captital
Requirements for Knowledge Management
The New Workplace and Knowledge Management
Row Three:The Nature of a(Human)System
A System
Management
A Model of the Viable System-System One
Freedom
System Two:Dampen Waves
System Three:Achieve Synergy
System Four:Opportunities
System Five:System Identity
Extra Communication Channels
Implications of This Model
Information Overload
Jobs
Our Personal Lives
System Use
Requirements Analysis Deliverable-Column Four
People,Organizations,and the Other Columns
People and Data
People and Activities
People and Locations
People and Timing
People and Movivation
CHAPTER 6 Column Three:Locations
Row Two-Geography
Headquarters and Field Offices
Production Network
Distribution Network
Research Network
Customer Locations
The Set of Siftes
Row Three-Network(and the Other Columns)
Column One:Where Are Data Created?Where Are They Used?
Column Two:Which Functions Are Where?
Column Four:Which Roles Are Where?
Column Five:What Events Are Where?
Column Six:Which Business Rules Are Where?
The Requirements Analysis Delverable-Column Three
CHAPTER 7 Column Five:Timing
Introduction
Row One:Scope
Row Two:The Business Owner's View
Schedules
Events and States
State/Transition Diagram
Row Three:The Architect's View
Events and States
Essential Data Flow Diagrams
Entity Life Histories
The Requirements Analysis Deliverable-Cloumn Five
Timing and the Other Columns
Timing and Data
Timing and Activities
Timing and Locations
Timing,People,and Organizations
Timing and Motivation
Conclusion
CHAPTER 8 Columan Six:Motivation
Introduction
Row One:Scope
Row Two:Business Owners'Views
End
Means
Course of Action
Assessment
Discovering Rules
Row Three:Architect's View
Classes of Rules
Quality Criteria
Rule Descriptions
Requirements Analysis Deliverable-Column Six
Row Three:The Architect's View
Events and States
Essential Data Flow Diagrams
Entity Life Histories
The Requirements Analysis Deliverable-Cloumn Five
Timing and the Other Columns
Timing and Data
Timing and Avtivities
Timing and Locations
Timing,People,and Organizations
Timing and Motivation
Conclusion
CHAPTER 8 Column Six:Motivation
Introduction
Row One:Scope
Row Two:Business Owners'Views
End
Means
Course of Action
Assessment
Discovering Rules
Row Three:Architect's View
Classes of Rules
Quality Criteria
Rule Descriptions
Requirements Analysis Deliverable-Column Six
Motication and the Other Columns
Motivation and Data
Motivation and Activities
Motivation and Locations
Motication,People,and Organizations
Motivation and Timing
Conclusion
APPENDIX A The Zachman Framework
APPENDIX B A Comparison of Data Modeling Techniques
APPENDIX C The Business Rules Group Motivation Model
APPENDIX D The Business Rules Group and David C.Hay Modified Motivation Model
Glossary
Bibliography
Index