1 Visual Basic .NET from the Ground Up 1
What a Long, Strange Trip It’s Been 2
From COM to .NET 4
The .NET World 6
Why You Need to Learn Visual Basic .NET 8
What Are the Pieces and How Do They Fit Together? A .NET Framework Overview 9
Web Services 11
User Interface 11
Data and XML 12
Base Class Library 12
Common Language Runtime 13
Where Do We Start to Access Functionality from Visual Basic .NET Source Code? 15
Visual Basic .NET Is Object Oriented 16
A Brief Look at How the Visual Basic .NET Language Works 18
How Is a Visual Basic .NET Program Put Together? 20
Metadata—Data About Data 20
The Just-In-Time Compiler 21
Execution of Visual Basic .NET Code 22
Assemble the Troops 23
Configuring the Interactive Development Environment 23
A First Look at the Visual Basic .NET IDE 25
Some Visual Basic .NET Code 27
Files Created by the IDE for Our First .NET Program 33
Another Word on Assemblies 38
A Closer Look at the Code 41
You Mean I Get an Inheritance? 41
Starting Up Our Form1 Class 42
Warning! Don’t Fiddle with the Designer’s Code 46
The Big Event 47
Nothing but .NET 48
2 Object-Oriented Programming in Visual Basic .NET 49
An Object Lesson 49
Starting Out with Objects 50
A Class Is Really Only a Blueprint 50
Let’s Talk Objects 51
Our Form as an Object 52
Reading, Writing, Invoking 54
Inheritance 56
Understanding Namespaces 58
Inheriting from System.Windows.Forms.Form: Forms and Controls 62
A Word About Visual Basic .NET Controls 63
Check Out the Code 65
The Code Added for the Button 67
Enough Talk: Press F5 and Run Your Program 69
The Doppelganger Program: Creating Clones of the Form1 Class 70
Important Object Concepts from the Doppelganger Program 71
Using the Class View to Spy on Structure and Access Modifiers 76
More About Access Types 78
Overloading Methods 79
Some of the Overloaded Show Methods 81
Polymorphism 83
What’s Controlling Our Form When We Run It? 84
Try This Out 84
Your First Real Visual Basic .NET Program 86
Telling the Application Object Which Form to Run 88
Let’s Add Some Controls 90
Examining the Handiwork of the IDE-Generated Code 94
How Do We Hardwire the Controls? 98
Can You Name That Namespace? 98
Date and Time Arithmetic 99
Formatting the Date and Time 101
Let’s Run This Baby! 103
Conclusion 105
3 Writing Your First Class 109
Creating the Employee Class 110
Examining the Class Code 113
Our Class’s Namespace 118
Declaring Our Class 118
Using Shared Variables 120
Class Constructors 120
Overloading Constructors 121
MyBase.New 122
Assigning Values to Our Private Data Fields 123
Overriding 124
#Region 126
The Employee Class Properties 127
More About Inheritance 130
Virtual Methods 134
Synchronizing the Class View 134
Creating Instances of the Employee Class 136
Conclusion 140
4 Visual Basic .NET Data Types and Features 143
Getting to Know Data Types 143
Visual Basic .NET Data Types 144
Value Types 145
Reference Types 147
Data Type Features 148
The System.Object Class 149
Strong Typing 152
Type Safety 152
Data Widening 157
Garbage Collection: Getting Rid of Our Objects 160
The Stack and the Managed Heap 160
Conclusion 161
5 Examining the .NET Class Framework Using Files and Strings 163
What Exactly Is the .NET Framework? 164
Tapping into the .NET Framework 165
It All Starts with the System Namespace 165
Learning to Find and Use What You Need 169
Searching in Windows Class Viewer 170
Using the Namespaces 171
Examining the File Class 171
Streams 173
What’s the Difference Between a File and a Stream? 174
Reading and Writing Binary, Numeric, or Text Data 174
Using the File and StreamWriter Classes in the .NET Framework 175
Reading Our File 176
The FileInfo Class 177
Creating a New File 179
Enumerating Directory Entries Using the Framework 180
Let’s Talk Strings 183
What’s New in Strings? 184
Uninitialized Strings 184
Working with Strings 185
Copying and Cloning a String 187
Conclusion 190
6 Arrays and Collections in Visual Basic .NET 191
Building Your First Visual Basic .NET Array 192
Array Boundaries 194
Why Arrays Are Based on the System.Array Class 198
What If I Don’t Know How Many Elements I Need Ahead of Time? 202
Arrays Start at Zero in Visual Basic .NET 204
Initializing the Array During Declaration 204
Arrays Are Reference Types 205
Arrays in Action: A Roman Numeral Calculator 207
Writing the Code 208
Examining the Code 209
Caching Our Variables 210
Visual Basic .NET Collections 212
The ArrayList Collection 213
Queues 216
Stacks 218
Eliza and the Beginning of Artificial Intelligence 219
Eliza in Action 220
Coding Eliza 222
Topology of Our Dialog.vb Code Module 224
Writing the Dialog.vb Code Module 226
Examining Our Code 234
Arrays vs. Collections 235
The Entry Point for Eliza 236
Is the Patient Discussing the Good Doctor? 240
Can Eliza Return a Quick Response? 241
Can Eliza Translate the Patient’s Response to Make It a Question? 243
Return a Previous Patient Phrase 247
When All Else Fails 250
Calling the Module from the Form 251
Conclusion 253
7 Handling Errors and Debugging Programs 255
What Can Possibly Go Wrong? 255
Types of Visual Basic .NET Errors 258
The Classic Visual Basic Err Object Is Gone in Visual Basic .NET 259
Try, Catch, and Finally 259
Adding Structured Error Handling 261
The Try…Catch Block 262
Making Our Simple Program Even More Bullet Proof 264
The Finally Block 266
Setting a Breakpoint in Your Code 267
Running the Program Using the Debugger 268
Stepping Through Our Code 270
Helpful Debugging Windows 271
The Call Stack 276
The Debug and Trace Classes 278
Debug.WriteLine 278
Debug.Assert 279
Tracing 281
Adding a Tracing Class to Our Code 282
Examining the ErrorTrace.vb Code 284
Setting the Trace Level 288
Adding the Errors.vb Class to a Program 289
Adding Event Logging to Your Programs 293
The Philosophy of Logging Events to the Event Viewer 295
Adding Event Logging to the ErrorTrace.vb Class 296
Using Our New Event Logging Capability 300
Conclusion 301
8 Assemblies in Detail 303
The Right to Assemble 303
Private Assemblies 304
Shared Assemblies 305
The Other Parts of an Assembly 308
Reflection: How to Go About Examining Assemblies 309
The Assembly Spy Program 310
Building the Assembly Spy Program 313
Let’s Write Some Code 315
Examining the Code 320
Self-Examination: Contemplating Our Own Assembly 329
Code Signing 330
Creating a Strongly Named Assembly 330
The Global Assembly Cache Revisited 333
Assembly Versioning 335
New Variable Scoping in Visual Basic .NET 338
Namespace Scope 340
Determining the Scope of a Variable 340
Conclusion 341
9 File System Monitoring 343
The File Sentinel Program 344
How the File Sentinel Program Works 345
Starting to Write the File Sentinel Program 346
Adding the Sentinel Class to Our Program 349
Delegates 356
Handling the Changed, Created, and Deleted Events 358
Handling the Renamed and Error Events 360
Writing to Our Log File 361
Wiring Up the User Interface 362
Possible Enhancements to the File Sentinel 370
Introduction to Windows Services 372
The Life and Death of a Service 372
Building Our File Sentinel into a Windows Service 373
Adding Our Sentinel Class to Our Service 374
Updating the Service1.vb File 375
How Our Service Works 377
Looking at vbMonitorService in the Services Window 387
Debugging a Windows Service 389
Conclusion 392
10 Data Access with ADO.NET 393
From ADO to ADO.NET 393
ADO.NET from 50,000 Feet 394
Individual Tables, Not the Join, Are in a DataSet 395
Comparing Classic ADO and ADO.NET 397
A Closer Look at the Foundation of ADO.NET: The DataSet Object 399
The DataTable Object 400
The DataSet Object and XML 401
DataView Objects 402
Managed Providers in ADO.NET 402
A Common Provider Model 404
Enough Talk, Let’s Look at Some Code 405
Connecting to Our Data Source 406
Commands to Manipulate Data from the Data Source 406
Creating the DataReader Object 407
Putting the Pieces of Our DataReader Together 408
Writing a Simple SQLClient Class DataSet Program 410
Getting Started 410
Adding a DataAdapter Object to Our Program 414
Finishing the User Interface 418
A Sneak Preview of Our Data from the DataAdapter 419
XML Schema for the Customers Table 421
Just Add Code 422
Running Our Program 423
Editing Our Data 424
How the Code Works 424
Updating the Data Source 426
Conclusion 429
11 Data Sets in Detail 431
Looking Again at the ADO.NET Object Model 431
Data Sets and XML 434
Building the Data Set and XML Viewer Project 436
Adding the Connection, Data Adapter, and DataSet Objects 438
Adding Code to Our Program 439
How It Works 440
Generating XML from Our Data Set 441
Updating the Data Source 441
ADO.NET and XML 443
Examining Our Program’s XML Output 443
The XML Schema Output 444
Persisting Our XML Information 446
Testing Our Persistence Code 447
Examining the DiffGram 449
Leveraging Our XML File for New Classes 452
The Xsd.exe Program 452
Adding a Relationship to Our Program 455
The Data Sets and XML Program 456
Creating the Parent/Child Relationship 457
Adding a Relationship to Our Tables 458
Examining DataSet Properties 461
Populating a Data Grid from a Persisted XML File 462
Run the Program 463
How the Program Works 464
Hand Coding a Simple Program 465
Data Binding 467
Creating the Program 467
Adding the Code That Wires the Controls to the Data Set 469
Run the Program 470
How It Works 471
Updating Our Data Grid 476
Conclusion 476
12 ADO.NET Data Binding 477
The BindingContext Object 477
The CurrencyManager Object 479
Record Navigation 479
A Simple Example 479
Add the Code 481
How the Code Works 484
The DataTable, DataRow, and DataColumn Objects 488
Examining the DataTable Schema 488
Building a Table Programmatically 490
How the Code Works 491
Finding Specific Records 493
Conclusion 495
13 ASP.NET and Web Services 497
A Look Back at ASP 497
Why ASP.NET? 498
Our First Web Form 500
New Server Controls 503
The HTML Presentation Template 505
Viewing the Code-Behind File 508
Setting the Properties on Our Web Page 509
Adding the Calendar Control Code 510
Running the Web Form 511
Examining the HTML Sent to the Browser 512
Building a Loan Payment Calculator 514
Building Our Loan Application Project 517
Adding Code to the Code-Behind Form 519
The Life of a Web Form 520
How Our Program Works 521
Taking a Closer Look at Our Drop-Down List 523
Adding the Payment Schedule Page 524
Adding Our Class Code 526
How the Calculator Works 529
Tracing Our Program 532
Web Services: The New Marketplace 533
What Are Web Services? 533
OK, Now How Do We Communicate? 534
Finding Out Who Is Offering What in the Global Marketplace 535
Where Are Web Services Going? 537
Building a Web Service 538
Run the Program 540
Consuming the MagicEightBall Web Service 543
Building Our Web Services Client Program 545
Adding a Proxy Class to Our Program 546
Adding Code to get Our Magic Eight Ball Answers 547
Conclusion 548
14 Visual Inheritance and Custom Controls 549
Visual Inheritance 549
Building a Base Form 550
Adding the Inherited Form 552
Creating a Custom Control 555
Changing the Background Color of a Text Box 555
Building Our Control 556
Adding Code to Our Control 556
Adding Our Custom Control to the Host Form 558
How it Works 559
Putting it Together: What We’ve Learned So Far 561
How Do We Save the Notes? XML, Of Course 562
Building the Sticky Notes Progam 564
Constructing a Sticky Note 570
Adding Code to the Sticky Note 571
How Does it Work? 574
Adding Even Handler Delegates 575
The serialize Class in More Detail 577
When the User Quits the Sticky Notes Program 582
How the BaseNote Sticky Yellow Form Works 585
Deploying Our Sticky Notes Program 588
Installing Our Program on a Client Machine 592
Install the Sticky Notes Program 593
Conclusion 594
APPENDIX: Some Helpful ADO.NET Wizards 595
Using the Data Form Wizard 595
Run the Program 600
Under the Hood 601
Generating a Crystal Report from a Data Source 603
Building a Crystal Report 603
Getting Ready to View Our Report 609
INDEX
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