Based on China’s national conditions, this book introduced China’s contemporary political ideology, political system reform, basic political system, political leadership and direction and goal of political development orientated by essential political problems. By expounding the system of people’s congresses, multi-party cooperation and political consultation system under the leadership of the CPC, regional ethnic autonomy system, the system of self-governance at the primary level and the development of theory and practice of democratic politics, the author comprehensively presented readers the basic situation of contemporary politics of China and its political characteristics and advantages.